Case Study Analysis Essay Example Discussion Paper
Case Study Analysis
A 76-year-old woman with a history of congestive heart failure reports an increase in weight, abdominal swelling, peripheral edema, and shortness of breath. She reveals that she does not take her diuretic since it causes her to wake up frequently to go to the toilet. To obtain adequate air, she now has to sleep with two pillows. Heart failure results from the inadequate cardiac infusion or high diastolic filling force in the left ventricle, resulting in increased pulmonary capillary tension. The purpose of this paper is to look at the pathophysiological processes that lead to congestive heart failure and how it affects functional ability Case Study Analysis Essay Example Discussion Paper.
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Cardiovascular and Cardiopulmonary Pathophysiologic Processes
Abdominal swelling, shortness of breath, edema, and weight gain were all evident, and the client acknowledged not using diuretics owing to excessive toilet usage. Congestion progresses slowly as a result of left ventricular filling tension, leading to acute manifestations. Individuals with fluid excess are treated with diuretics to relieve cardiac congestion (Casu and Merella, 2015). Difficulty breathing may also develop when cardiac production declines and the heart cannot get blood out of the lungs, resulting in pulmonary congestion and edema McCance & Huether, 2019)Case Study Analysis Essay Example Discussion Paper.
Racial/Ethnic Variables
Approximately 50% of Black American adults have cardiovascular disease, and hypertension is a major contributor. Black Americans suffer 50 percent more heart failure than other ethnic communities (Tillman et al., 2019). The ethnic disparity in research study enrollment is minor, but still, numerous Black Americans experience left ventricular dysfunction related to high blood pressure. Inadequate access to medical care and chronic renal disease, diabetes, poorer economic position, and genetic variations are factors that contribute to heart failure among Black Americans.
How Pathophysiologic Processes Interact to Affect the Patient
When the left arteries in the heart unable to allow blood to flow out of the lungs, blood backs up into the lungs, causing shortness of breath and immense tension. Heart failure leads to cardiac muscle inability to transport sufficient blood into the lungs, which reduces oxygen in the lungs (Moreira et al., 2015). Blood flow backs up from other organs and tissues, resulting in edema. The client is aging, and vascular stiffness is a common side effect of aging (Cannatà et al., 2017). Diastolic dysfunction is triggered by rising extracellular remodeling and cardiac wall thickening, which decreases the capacity of the left ventricle Case Study Analysis Essay Example Discussion Paper.
References
Cannatà, A., Marcon, G., Cimmino, G., Camparini, L., Ciucci, G., Sinagra, G., & Loffredo, F. S. (2017). Role of circulating factors in cardiac aging. Journal of thoracic disease, 9(Suppl 1), S17–S29. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2017.03.95
Casu, G., & Merella, P. (2015). Diuretic Therapy in Heart Failure – Current Approaches. European cardiology, 10(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.15420/ecr.2015.10.01.42
McCance, K. and Huether, S. (2019). Understanding pathophysiology (8th edition). Elsevier, St. Louis, MO. https://evolve.elsevier.com/cs/product/9780323583473?role=student
Moreira EM, Gall H, Leening MJG, Lahousse L, Loth DW, Krijthe BP, et al. (2015) Prevalence of Pulmonary Hypertension in the General Population: The Rotterdam Study. PLoS ONE 10(6): e0130072. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0130072
Tillman, F., Kim, J., Makhlouf, T., & Osae, L. (2019). A comprehensive review of chronic heart failure pharmacotherapy treatment approaches in African Americans. Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease. https://doi.org/10.1177/1753944719840192
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76-year-old female patient complains of weight gain, shortness of breath, peripheral edema, and abdominal swelling. She has a history of congestive heart failure and admits to not taking her diuretic, as it makes her “have to get up every couple hours to go to the bathroom.” She now has to sleep on two pillows in order to get enough air. In your Case Study Analysis related to the scenario provided, explain the following The cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary pathophysiologic processes that result in the patient presenting these symptoms. Any racial/ethnic variables that may impact physiological functioning. How these processes interact to affect the patient Case Study Analysis Essay Example Discussion Paper