Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain
This essay is about Anne who is a 10 year old girl and has been suffering from right iliac fossa pain. She was taken to a local hospital and was diagnosed with appendicitis. The doctors decided to perform appendectomy. They also found a gangrenous perforated appendix with peritonitis. Due to the severity of infection and the serious complications, she was advised to remain in hospital for 10 days of IV antibiotics and pain management. This essay demonstrates the pathophysiology of appendicitis, growth and developmental theories such as JMD theories which includes psychoanalytical theory by Freud, Piaget theory and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory family centered care and the effects of hospitalization of the patient. This essay is to demonstrate how evidence based information can be implemented into contemporary Australian Nursing practice. Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain
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Appendicitis occurs due to the obstruction of the lumen of the appendix and it also occurs due to several bacteria such as yersinia species, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus, actinomycosis, foreign substances, tumors and tuberculosis. Obstruction involves the filling of lumen distal with mucous which increases to intra luminal and intramural pressure and also causes distension (Cobb, 2017).This results in rapid multiplication of bacteria residing inside the appendix. Bacteria that are most commonly found in the appendix are Bacteroides fragilis and Escherichia coli. There are several symptoms such as reflex anorexia, nausea and vomiting, and visceral pain that occur due to the dilatation of the appendix. The small venules and capillaries get affected by thrombosis when the pressure of the lumen becomes more than the venous pressure thus causing and congestion and swelling of the appendix. Inflammation occurs in the serous membrane of appendix which leads to increase in pain. Due to the thrombosis of small arterioles bacteria start leaking out thus leading to the formation of pus inside the appendix (Drake et al., 2014)Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain. The pus also forms a layer outside the appendix region. Due to the infection of bacteria and ischemia inflammation occur which results in the death of cells and gangrene. The condition further worsens and results in perforation of the appendix due to gangrenous appendix. It also results in peritonitis which involves swelling of the innermost layer of the abdomen and organs present in it. Perforation of the appendix is most common in younger children as compared to adults.
There are several growth and development theories such as JMD theories which includes psychoanalytical theory by Freud. He was the first to identify the development of an individual through several stages such as oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency and Genital stage. This theory played an important role in helping nurses in understanding the behavior and condition of mental health in different patients (Hahn, Coricelli & Matteo, 2016).It also helps in understanding different behaviors of patients related to ego and id. Anne belongs to the Latency stage since its range is from 6-12 years so the major development task for her is to focus on relationships. Freud theory helps individuals to accept who they are and improve their health and well being.
Piaget theory focuses on the fact that interaction with the environment plays a significant role in the development of human beings. The nurses gain knowledge and understand the main features of developmental psychology and it helps them to assess the stage of development a child has attained (Mischel, 2013).This helps them accomplishing several tasks of development. Piaget’s theory has made a significant contribution in understanding the intellectual level and cognitive development in children.
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory is a theory of psychology that aims to motivate individuals and is based on a five stage model that includes biological and physiological needs such as air, food, drink, shelter, warmth, and sleep. Safety needs include protection and security, law, stability, order, and freedom from fear (Maslow, 2013).Love and belongingness needs include ,friendship, intimacy, trust and acceptance, receiving and giving love and affection, social interaction among family, friends, and work. Esteem needs include achievement, independence, status, dominance, prestige, self-respect, respect from other individuals, self-actualization which plays a very important role in realizing personal potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal advice for growth and development. This theory helps nurses and health care professional to motivate patients suffering from different types of disorders and diseases (Maslow, 2013)Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain.
Nurses should provide proper information to the patients that would help in improving the journey in the hospital. It would also help in reducing anxiety,depressive symptoms, stress and pain in them. If there is a lack of proper communication it would lead to a delay in the treatment and sometimes may cause serious ill effects in them. This may lower the trust of patients in healthcare services provided by the nurses and healthcare professionals.They may also misunderstand and get confusee about the medications and the treatment given by the clinicians.It may also lead to depressive symptoms and have a negative impact on the mental status of the patients.
Family centered care aims to provide care that involves emotional support, motivation and guide the patient to fight with the disease They also help in curing depressive symptoms and other health issues associated with it by motivating to be positive in life. Healthcare professionals involving nurses and clinicians who provide care to their patients should have a sense of responsibility towards their patients as well their family members. The clinicians should provide support and proper guidelines such as various precautionary measures to be taken during and after the treatment . They should also make sure they are there for their help and help them with any issues (Festini, 2014). This will help in improving the health of the patient and help her in getting well in less amount of time. There are several strategies that should be followed to improve the functional wellness of the patients such as taking proper care of their mental and physical health, helping her in interacting socially . She shpould also be provided cognitive behavioral therapy and palliative care that helps in changing the behavior and thinking of young individuals and makes them feel positive (Lehne & Rosenthal, 2014)Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain.
Cognitive behavioral therapy can be provided to Anne as it would play a significant role in improving her health and be positive in life. The main aim of this therapy is that it lays special focus on the issues and the problems and not on the causes of the symptoms faced by the individuals. These problems occur due to the psychological issues the patients face when they are diagnosed with a disease (Ehde, Dillworth & Turner, 2014).Cognitive issues occur because the information is not encoded by the brain and stored in a proper manner .The nurses should have patience to tackle emergency situations which efficiency and provide proper communication with the family members. They should help them with empathy and also understand their needs and demands. Palliative care should be given to her in a proper manner which is special type of care to that provides relief from both physical and mental pain and stress.
Nurses should undergo proper training sessions during there course and gain practical knowledge to deal with different types of patients. They should communicate effectively and should deal with aggressive patients in effective manner. The nurses and the clinicians should follow all the ethical principles while providing health care services to patients. They should discuss with the family members of the patients about their disease and the treatment procedure that will be followed (Mischel, 2013).They should provide appropriate health care services by using proper communication skills and ensure patient satisfaction. She should be given a proper counseling and psychosocial care to get rid of emotional health like pain, anxiety, distress and low self esteem occurred due to the health issues.
There would be negative effects of hospitalization of the child, on the child and her family. The main reason behind it is that she is very young to bear the pain of the surgical procedure and she has been advised to stay in the hospital for 10 days which is quite longer for a child of 10 years. She might also not feel comfortable with nasogastric tube and other therapies such as morphine patient controlled analgesia, intravenous therapy and triple intravenous antibiotics. The family members of the patient also suffer from several issues due to hospitalization such as financial crisis, responsibilities related to house old, negative effects on the education of other children, and boredom (Ågotneset al.,2016)Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain. The hospitalization of Anne might lead to a huge loss in their restaurant business as well leading to depression and other mental issues in the family members. The family members of the patient should be taken care of by the hospital staff and provided proper help and avoid their tension and sadness.The nurses should pay respect and be compassionate towards them and also solve their problems and issues regarding the disease (Haley, 2016).They should provide individual attention to all their patients.This will have a positive impact on the well being and the emotional health of the family members.
Doctors and healthcare professionals providing patient care should be responsibile towards their patients as well as their family members. They should be provided proper information regarding the treatment procedure, medicaments and the precautionary measures that will be taken by the patient should be given to the family members (Gordon et al., 2012).This will a bond of trust and care and a between the patient and the doctor and ultimately would develop a positive approach and reduce the stress about her condition. It reduces the complications in patients that lead to decrease in post operative complications. It also decreases the cost and the duration for which the patient is hospitalized. Various strategies should be taken into account to provide proper information to family members in order to provide proper patient care and satisfaction. Regular follow-ups should also be conducted for the patient to keep a check on his health.
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It can be summarized that Anne should be treated empathetically and with courteousness and should be counseled properly so that she can explain the severity of her pain and any other emotional issues.Various tools for the assessment of pain should be used if she is feeling discomfort. . The nurses and other healthcare professionals should help her and provide psychosocial care along with palliative care so that she gets well soon. Her family members should also be advised to take precautionary measures to prevent the mental and physical issues and take proper rest and sleep intake so that they do not have any negative health effects. Discussion About The Anne Suffering From Right Iliac Fossa Pain