Anatomy Respiratory System Essay Paper
This assignment requires examining of the two respiratory conditions, where one condition has infectious nature, while the other one is noninfectious. These conditions of our discussion are adenovirus infection and asthma.Anatomy Respiratory System Essay Paper
Beginning with adenovirus infection, we need to state that this infectious respiratory condition is manifested by fever, cough, rhinitis, sore throat when swallowing, swollen lymph nodes, eye lesions, and sometimes diarrhea. Sick people excrete the pathogen (adenovirus), not only by coughing and sneezing, but also with the faeces, so the infection occurs as air-borne or through contaminated food, household items. This condition is more common in children (from 6 months to 5 years) in the cold season. The incubation period lasts from 3 to 14 days. The first sign of the disease is the rise in body temperature to 38-39°, and sometimes higher. There may be moderate headache, weakness, loss of appetite; some patients have nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Nasal breathing is difficult from the first day due to watery discharge from the nose. The tonsils and pharynx are inflamed. Often people have a cough, problems with their eyes a pain in the eyes, eyelids swell, redden. Cervical lymph nodes grow and become painful, and sometimes spleen and liver can increase.
Depending on the clinical form of adenovirus infection, there should be made differential diagnosis of influenza, SARS group, conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis of various etiologies (including diphtheria), pneumonia, tuberculosis (Offit, Fass-Offit and Bell, 1999). Adenovirus infection is characterized by slight or moderate intoxication and polymorphism of clinical manifestations in the course of the disease: symptoms of respiratory tract infections (pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis), eyes (conjunctivitis, iritis), regional or generalized lymphadenopathy, disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, hepatolienal syndrome.Anatomy Respiratory System Essay Paper
Hard going adenovirus infection requires strengthening of the detoxification theraphy with intravenous use of crystalloid and colloid solutions. Etiotropic drugs (broad spectrum antibiotics) are prescribed for complications caused by secondary bacterial flora, as well as for older people with chronic respiratory diseases, and patients with manifestations of immunosuppression.
To prevent the infectious respiratory condition presented can be used adenoviruses vaccine in a number of countries. The widespread use of live vaccines limits established opinion about the ability of adenoviruses to cause malignant transformation of cells in humans. There are also recommended general hygienic measures, the chlorination of swimming pool water, etc. In the pre-epidemic period should be limited communication; impaired toddlers who have been at risk of infection are prescribed to use specific immunoglobulin and leukocyte interferon.
Asthma, in its turn is a pulmonary disease in which the bronchial tubes are constricted, swelled and became clogged with mucus. During an asthmatic attack a person is having difficulty of breathing fresh air and exhales the waste, often breathing hard and makes wheezing or whistling sounds. It is very likely that he (or she) will be involuntarily cough, feel a sense of stamping in the chest, suffer from short breath. Lack of oxygen can bring anxiety, a person experiences fatigue.
Once the diagnosis of “asthma” was made, patients need to do a skin test to determine the allergens that can trigger asthma attacks. Some asthmatics do not need treatment with the proviso that they avoid any factors causing seizures. The modern approach to the treatment of asthma is that the patient should be trained by the physician to confidently deal with a possible asthma attack. The most important aspects of a successful control of asthma are the careful selection of medication and regular monitoring of the patient (Lieberman, 1999).
Very often asthma has allergic character, and in the case of asthma, allergic in origin, a doctor may advise immunotherapy to his patient. This treatment aims to develop a tolerance to asthma triggers, with their infusion into larger and larger quantities. Moreover, discussing the influence of lifestyle on this disease, we can mention that lifestyle choices play a great role in the life of the patient. For instance, in order to prevent or alleviate the symptoms of asthma, a doctor may strongly recommend reducing of emotional stress. In general, a patient may be recommended to think about psychological counseling. Emotional distress can provoke seizures, although it is unlikely that psychological problems may themselves be the cause of the disease.Anatomy Respiratory System Essay Paper
These two diseases, of course, are treated in different ways, but they have in common some of their signs and symptoms in the area of their influence on human body. Both conditions impede the process of breathing, making people to be dependent on medicines and their emotional condition because stress always worsens the state of human health in both cases.
In conclusion, we have examined adenovirus infection and asthma as infectious and noninfectious respiratory conditions, and described their main sings and symptoms. Moreover, we have also described possible ways of their appearance, diagnostication, treatment, and also explained how lifestyle can influence on the development of these diseases.Anatomy Respiratory System Essay Paper