Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a psychotherapy approach. It is applied in group and individual settings, although it has similarities and differences in the two settings. Regardless of whether CBT is used in group or individuals settings, it applies the same psychotherapy principles. This includes requiring informed consent from the clients. In addition, CBT use in both settings applies intentional and informed interpersonal stances and clinical methods to assist the clients in modifying their personal characteristics, cognitions, emotions and behaviors. Besides that, CBT use engages the services of a psychotherapist who is trained to act as a moderator in guiding the clients to modify their behavior and thinking even as they deal with significant emotions, events and issues (Guo et al., 2021)Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper.

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Although CBT use in group and individual settings has similarities as discussed, there are three significant differences. First, group CBT is focused on engaging more than one person as a client at the same session moderated by at least one trained psychotherapist. This is different from individual setting where at least one trained psychotherapist handles one client at any single session. Second, group CBT is pace is structured around established psychotherapy program based evidence and established protocols. This means that it is not particularly tailored for the clients in the group setting. This differs from CBT use in individual settings where each session is tailored to the unique needs of the client such that the CBT pace can be adjusted based on the psychotherapy intensity that the client can handle. Third, group CBT has a broader therapeutic alliance (between the therapist and client) that is weak. This differs from the individual setting where the therapeutic alliance is narrow and strong (Neufeld et al., 2020)Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper.

Explain at least two challenges PMHNPs might encounter when using CBT in one of these settings.

Group CBT presents five significant challenges for a PMHNP. First, the broad therapeutic alliance between the therapist and clients means that the level of attention to each client is weak. This means that while some clients may get help in the session, there is no guarantee that all clients would get help (Neufeld et al., 2020). Second, there are concerns about privacy and confidentiality. Disclosures are made within the group setting. Although there is an expectation that whatever is disclosed within the group will not be spread outside the group, there is no guarantee that the information will not be disclosed to persons outside the group (Epstein et al., 2018). Third, there is no guarantee that all the group members would participate in the group activities. Some of the group members are likely to laze about without applying the therapeutic principles in their lives. This means that the unmotivated clients are likely to hide their issues for which they are seeking treatment and not be accountable. Fourth, the therapy sessions are conducted in a fixed schedule, and is not tailored to the schedule of any one individual. This means that if an individual is unable to attend the scheduled session because of a previous pressing engagement, then that individual is likely to miss that session thereby impeding the treatment efforts. Fifth, there are some clients who may not do well within the group CBT setting. This is seen in clients who are passive aggressive, psychotic, extremely shy, antisocial and impulsive (Schaeuffele et al., 2021) Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper.

Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly and attach the PDFs of your sources.

Four journal articles published within the last five years were identified and used as supporting sources. They were considered scholarly because of four reasons. First, they are published in peer reviewed journals, showing that they are reviewed by experts on the subject. Second, they are written by academics and professionals who are experts on the subject. They have affiliations with educational and research institutions relevant to the subject, thereby adding to the credibility of the articles. Third, the articles have a scientific format to include an abstract, introduction, methodology, results, discussion, conclusion and references (Hall & Roussel, 2022).

References

Epstein, E. E., McCrady, B. S., Hallgren, K. A., Gaba, A., Cook, S., Jensen, N., … & Litt, M. D. (2018). Individual versus Group Female-Specific Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorder. J Subst Abuse Treat., 88, 27-43. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsat.2018.02.003

Guo, T., Su, J., Hu, J., Aalberg, M., Zhu, Y., Teng, T. & Zhou, X. (2021). Individual vs. Group Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Anxiety Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Front. Psychiatry, 12, 674267. https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.674267

Hall, H. R., & Roussel, L. A. (2022). Evidence-Based Practice: An Integrative Approach to Research, Administration, and Practice (3rd ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning, LLC.

Neufeld, C. B., Palma, P. C., Caetano, K. A., Brust-Renck, P. G., Curtiss, J., & Hofman, S. G. (2020). A randomized clinical trial of group and individual Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy approaches for Social Anxiety Disorder. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 20(1), 29-37. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.11.004

Schaeuffele, C., Schulz, A., Knaevelsrud, C., Renneberg, B., & Boettcher, J. (2021). CBT at the Crossroads: The Rise of Transdiagnostic Treatments. International Journal of Cognitive Therapy, 14, 86-113. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41811-020-00095-2

Discussion: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Comparing Group, Family, and Individual Setting There are significant differences in the applications of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for families and individuals. The same is true for CBT in group settings and CBT in family settings. In your role, it is essential to understand these differences to appropriately apply this therapeutic approach across multiple settings. For this Discussion, as you compare the use of CBT in individual, group, and family settings, consider challenges of using this approach with groups you may lead, as well as strategies for overcoming those challenges. To prepare: • Review the videos in this week’s Learning Resources and consider the insights provided on CBT in various settings. By Day 3 Post an explanation of how the use of CBT in groups compares to its use in family or individual settings. Explain at least two challenges PMHNPs might encounter when using CBT in one of these settings. Support your response with specific examples from this week’s media and at least three peer-reviewed, evidence-based sources. Explain why each of your supporting sources is considered scholarly and attach the PDFs of your sources. Learning Resources Required Readings (click to expand/reduce) American Psychiatric Association. (2022). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed., text rev.)Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/waldenu.edu?url=https://dsm.psychiatryonline.org/doi/book/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787 • “Culture and Psychiatric Diagnosis” Nichols, M., & Davis, S. D. (2020). The essentials of family therapy (7th ed.). Pearson.

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• Chapter 9, “Cognitive Behavioral Family Therapy” Wheeler, K. (Ed.). (2020). Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice (3rd ed.). Springer Publishing. • Chapter 8, “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy” • Chapter 21, “Psychotherapeutic Approaches with Children and Adolescents” o pp. 793–802 only • Chapter 22, “Psychotherapy with Older Adults” o pp. 840–844 only Required Media (click to expand/reduce) Beck Institute for Cognitive Behavior Therapy. (2018, June 7). CBT for couples [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZH196rOGsc MedCircle. (2019, December 13). What a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) session looks like [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8-2WQF3SWwo PsychExamReview. (2019, April 30). Cognitive therapy, CBT, & group approaches (intro psych tutorial #241) [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A2_NN1Q7Rfg Optional Media Beck, A. (1994). Aaron Beck on cognitive therapy [Video file]. Mill Valley, CA: Psychotherapy.net. Eysenck, H. (n.d.). Hans Eysenck on behavior therapy [Video file]. Mill Valley, CA: Psychotherapy.net. Psychotherapy.net. (Producer). (2009). Rational emotive behavior therapy for addictions [Video file]. Psychotherapy.net: Author. Sommers-Flanagan, J., & Sommers-Flanagan, R. (2013). Counseling and psychotherapy theories in context and practice [Video]. https://waldenu.kanopy.com/video/counseling-and-psychotherapy-theories-contex • CBT (starts at 2 hours 27 minutes) Rubric Detail o Excellent Point range: 90–100  Main Posting: Response to the discussion question is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis representative of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources.  40 (40%) – 44 (44%)  Thoroughly responds to the discussion question(s). Is reflective with critical analysis and synthesis representative of knowledge gained from the course readings for the module and current credible sources. No less than 75% of post has exceptional depth and breadth. Supported by at least 3 current credible sources.  Main Posting: Writing • 6 (6%) – 6 (6%)  Written clearly and concisely. Contains no grammatical or spelling errors. Further adheres to current APA manual writing rules and style.  Main Posting: Timely and full participation Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy Sample Discussion Paper