Critical Appraisal on Workplace Violence in Medicine
The impact of research studies on medical practice is profound. It is thus important that medical practitioners analyze published studies to evaluate the validity and perhaps identify the research gaps. Workplace violence (WPV), for instance, is a common yet under-recognized occupational hazard, especially in healthcare organizations. The literature exploring WPV is limited in terms of sample size, efficacy, and short interventions are in place. This essay critiques four articles on workplace violence, Nowrouzi-Kia et al. (2019), Mento et al. (2020), Pereira et al. (2019), and Weiland et al. (2017), analyzing the conceptual framework, strengths, limitations, and feasibility of the studies.Critical Appraisal on Workplace Violence in Medicine
Nowrouzi-Kia et al. (2019) explore workplace violence in healthcare organizations, categorizing health workers’ violence. The study is a literature review in which a search is conducted on CINAHL, EMBASE, Ovid Medline, and PsycINFO databases. The search adhered to PRISMA guidelines and reviewed 13 articles from the initial 2154 studies between 2016 September and 2018 November. Some of the variables studied include the type of health worker, type of WPV, and injury sustained. Data analysis utilized R 3 .4. 3 package, and the CASP score was 8.54. A majority of the literature revealed that health workers suffer from type II WPV, establishing the overall prevalence of WPV at 65%. The study provides crucial information on WPV, a major occupational hazard in the healthcare sector. The feasibility of the study is moderate since the data presented is accurate, but the interventions inefficient.Critical Appraisal on Workplace Violence in Medicine
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Mento et al. (2020) delve into WPV health workers’ forms, including behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and physical abuse. The authors further analyze the impact of health workers’ vulnerability to WPV and identify various strategies to curb such occurrences. The researchers conducted a literature search on PubMed, which adhered to PRISMA guidelines, and identified 27 out of the initial 1434 articles. The research discusses types of WPV, factors associated with WPV, and the forms of violence health workers are bound to encounter in hospital setups. The study assessed WPV based on communication, availability of equipment, and staffing, among other factors. The study established the WPV in health organizations is common yet under-recognized. The research is important as it enriches medical practitioners’ knowledge regarding impending challenges and presents the need for developing interventions.
Pereira et al. (2019) is an integrative review that presents institutional strategies towards mitigating WPV in healthcare organizations. Literature searches were conducted in CINAHL, PubMed Central, LILACS, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, identifying 14 articles published between January 2013 and December 2017. The study established that health workers worldwide are vulnerable to WPV hence the need for institutional strategies against the occupational hazard. The research revealed that specific actions had better outcomes than programs underlying policies against violence against health workers. While the impact of specific actions gives accurate results, the impact of programs is only perceived. The study is crucial towards curbing WPV against health workers since it offers effective interventions. The feasibility of the study is high since it presents practical solutions towards mitigating WPV.
Weiland et al. (2017) review studies on the efficacy outcomes for interventions against acute behavioral disturbances (ABD) published between 1985 April and 2016 April. The researchers conducted literature searches on CINAHL, EMBASE, and PsycINFO and identified 8 out of the initial 35 articles. The study focused on the rates of assault, provider perceptions, weapon detection, and restraint use, among other factors. The researchers compared variability measurements revealing significantly low efficacy levels for the interventions in place. Weiland et al. (2017) establish evidence of WPV against health workers and develop efficient interventions to curb the abuse. The authors suggest a need to identify safe and reliable approaches to mitigate abuse from ABD adults in healthcare setups. The study’s feasibility is moderate as it enhances the knowledge of health providers in the field of practice.Critical Appraisal on Workplace Violence in Medicine
References
Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia, Emily Chai, Koyo Usuba, Behnam Nowrouzi-Kia, & Jennifer Casole. (2019). Prevalence of Type II and Type III Workplace Violence against Physicians: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. The International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 10(3), 99–110.
Mento, C., Silvestri, M., Bruno, A., Muscatello, M., Cedro, C., Pandolfo, G., & Zoccali, R. A. (2020). Workplace violence against healthcare professionals: A systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 51, 101381.
Pereira, C., Borgato, M. H., Colichi, R. M. B., & Bocchi, S. C. M. (2019). Institutional strategies to prevent violence in nursing work: An integrative review. Revista Brasileira De Enfermagem, 72(4), 1052-1060
Weiland, T., Ivory, S., & Hutton, J. (2017). Managing Acute Behavioral Disturbances in the Emergency Department Using the Environment, Policies and Practices: A Systematic Review. Western Journal of Emergency Medicine: Integrating Emergency Care with Population Health, 18(4) Critical Appraisal on Workplace Violence in Medicine