Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal

Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal

Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are identified as a source of concern in inpatient care settings since they are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. However, efforts to address HAI as an urgent concern are hindered by the scarcity of data. Examples of HAIs include surgical site infection, respiratory tract infection, and bloodstream infection (Labi et al., 2019). Other HAIs include ventilator-associated pneumonia, central line-associated bloodstream infection, and catheter acquired urinary tract infection. The occurrence has been associated with prolonged hospital stay and higher cost of care from using more expensive medication. There is a need to stringently apply infection control measures that target the control of HAIs (Koirala & Acharya, 2018).Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal

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Best Practice Based on the Study

Despotovic et al. (2020) add to the discussion by notes that HAI rates are very high in ICU settings, and their control is complicated by the high antimicrobial resistance rates reported at more than 50%. Invasive devices and viral CNS infection are specifically are risk factors for HAIs, with intubation and diabetes increases the risk of mortality following HAI incidence. This state of affairs indicates limitations in the control strategies being applied and a need to revise them while presenting more effective strategies to reduce HAI incidence and burden (Despotovic et al., 2020). Invasive devices referred to medical devices initiated into the body through a break or opening in the skin or body. They elevated the risk of HAIs during medical practice seven times compared to other causes of HAIs. Medical providers should ensure clean reusable invasive devices and the site where the device is introduced, thus averting the risk of invasive device-centered HAIs.  Nekkab et al. (2017) similarly note that HAI is a concern further complicated by emerging multi-drug resistance that now threatens the health care system. Multi-drug resistance organisms include germs, mainly bacteria that accumulate progressively, making antibiotics ineffective, causing HAIs resulting from such bacteria. Events of drug-resistance infections may be averted in hospital contexts by immunizing patients with germs or bacteria, ensuring hygiene during patient care, and ensuring that patients consume antibiotics as prescribed and critical (Nekkab et al., 2017). Averting infections within the medical settings avert the transmission of resistant bacteria.

Conclusion

An effective response against HAI should adopt the wide-scale approach as HAIs affect the patient transfer networks (Nekkab et al., 2017). Based on the presented evidence, HAIs present an urgent concern in inpatient settings, and that they can be controlled by managing the risk factors to include invasive devices, viral CNS infection, intubation, and diabetes mellitus. Also, infection control measures should be applied stringently to reduce the incidence of HAIs. Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal

References

Despotovic, A., Milosevic, B., Milosevic, I., Cirkovic, A., Jovanovic, S., Stevanovic, G., & Stevanovic, G. (2020). Hospital-acquired infections in the adult intensive care unit—Epidemiology, antimicrobial resistance patterns, and risk factors for acquisition and mortality. American Journal of Infection Control, 48(10), P1211-1215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2020.01.009

Koirala, A., & Acharya, D. (2018). Profile of hospital acquired infection in tertiary level hospital. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 73(Suppl. 1). 291-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2018.04.4079

Labi, A., Obeng-Nkrumah, N., Owusu, E., Bjerrum, S., Bediako-Bowan, A., Sunkwa-Mills, G., … & Newman, M. (2018). Multi-centre point-prevalence survey of hospital-acquired infections in Ghana. The Journal of Hospital Infection, 101(1), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2018.04.019

Nekkab, N., Astagneau, P., Temime, L., & Crépey, P. (2017). Spread of hospital-acquired infections: A comparison of healthcare networks. PLoS Computational Biology, 13(8), e1005666. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005666

Evidence-Based Best Practices Based on Appraisal