Information Bias In Health Assignment

Review “Information Bias in Health Research: Definition, Pitfalls, and Adjustment Methods,” article attached

Looking at your DPI Project,( three noted below)  describe three biases that you have identified and explain how you will you mitigate them. Information Bias In Health Assignment

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1. non randomized

2. sampling bias

3. convenience sample

As with other fields, medical sciences are subject to different sources of bias. While
understanding sources of bias is a key element for drawing valid conclusions, bias in health
research continues to be a very sensitive issue that can affect the focus and outcome of investigations. Information bias, otherwise known as misclassification, is one of the most common
sources of bias that affects the validity of health research. It originates from the approach that
is utilized to obtain or confirm study measurements. This paper seeks to raise awareness of
information bias in observational and experimental research study designs as well as to enrich
discussions concerning bias problems. Specifying the types of bias can be essential to limit
its effects and, the use of adjustment methods might serve to improve clinical evaluation and
health care practice.
Keywords: self-report bias, social desirability bias, recall bias, misclassification, measurement
error bias, confirmation bias
Introduction
Bias can be defined as any systematic error in the design, conduct, or analysis of a
study. In health studies, bias can arise from two different sources; the approach adopted
for selecting subjects for a study or the approach adopted for collecting or measuring
data from a study. These are, respectively, termed as selection bias and information
bias.1
Bias can have different effects on the validity of medical research findings. In
epidemiological studies, bias can lead to inaccurate estimates of association, or over- or
underestimation of risk parameters. Allocating the sources of bias and their impacts on
final results are key elements for making valid conclusions. Information bias, otherwise
known as misclassification, is one of the most common sources of bias that affects the
validity of health research. It originates from the approach that is utilized to obtain or
confirm study measurements. These measurements can be obtained by experimentation
(eg, bioassays) or observation (eg, questionnaires or surveys).
Medical practitioners are conscious of the fact that the results of their investigation
can be deemed invalid if they do not account for major sources of bias.

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While a number
of studies have discussed different types of bias,2–4 the problem of bias is still frequently
ignored in practice. Often bias is unintentionally introduced into a study by researchers,
making it difficult to recognize, but it can also be introduced intentionally. Thus, bias
remains a very sensitive issue to address and discuss openly. The aim of this paper is
to raise the awareness of three specific forms of information bias in observational and
experimental medical research study designs Information Bias In Health Assignment